Pneumonia is a serious infection that affects the lungs and can be caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi. Pneumococcal infections can also lead to meningitis and bloodstream infections.

Pneumonia can spread through coughs, sneezes and close contact with infected individuals. Some pneumococcal bacteria are commonly carried in the nose and throat.

Symptoms can include fever, cough, chest pain, breathing difficulties, fatigue and chills. Severe infections may require urgent medical treatment.

Vaccination may be recommended for older adults, individuals with weakened immune systems, smokers, travellers and those with certain long-term health conditions.

Protection length depends on the vaccine used. Some vaccines provide long-term protection, while certain high-risk individuals may require booster doses every 5 years.

Vaccination, good hygiene, avoiding smoking and maintaining overall health can help reduce the risk of pneumococcal infections and Pneumonia.