Typhoid is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Typhi. It spreads through contaminated food and water and can cause serious illness if left untreated.

Typhoid spreads through contaminated food, water and poor hygiene conditions. Travellers visiting higher-risk regions may be exposed through unsafe drinking water or uncooked foods.

Symptoms can include fever, headaches, stomach pain, constipation or diarrhoea, tiredness and loss of appetite. Severe infections may require hospital treatment.

Typhoid is more common in parts of Asia, Africa and South America where sanitation and access to clean water may be limited.

Vaccination may be recommended for travellers visiting higher-risk destinations, particularly backpackers, long-stay travellers and those visiting friends and relatives abroad.

Risk can be reduced through vaccination, safe food and water precautions, regular hand washing and avoiding potentially contaminated food and drinks.